The Constitution Act, 1867 gives Parliament jurisdiction over "Sea Coast and Inland Fisheries." The Fisheries Act, 1868 was enacted in accordance with this responsibility. The Department of Fisheries and Oceans Act, 1978 -79 established the Department and provides jurisdiction over sea coast and inland fisheries, fishing and recreational harbours, hydrography and marine sciences and the coordination of policies and programs of the Government of Canada respecting oceans. The Canadian Coast Guard (CCG), formerly a part of Transport Canada, merged with the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) on April 1, 1995. On December 12, 2003, the CCG policy functions related to pleasure craft, marine navigation services, pollution prevention and response, and navigable waters were transferred to Transport Canada. Effective April 1, 2005, the CCG became a special operating agency within DFO. This status allows the CCG, as a national institution, to focus on the provision of its services in support of the government fulfilling its maritime mandate. The Constitution Act, 1982, the Canada Shipping Act (2001), the Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act, the Navigable Waters Protection Act, the Department of Transport Act and the National Transportation Act are the principal Acts governing marine transportation activities. The Fisheries Act is the primary piece of legislation for managing fisheries and the Oceans Act lays out the foundation for the department's oceans agenda.